danish-foundation-models/swedish-dynaword

🧨 Swedish Dynaword

Version	0.0.6 (Changelog)
Language	Swedish (sv, swe)
License	Openly Licensed, See the respective dataset
Models	Currently there is no models trained on this dataset
Contact	If you have question about this project please create an issue here

Dataset Description

• Number of samples: 187.17K
• Number of tokens (Llama 3): 3.21B
• Average document length in tokens (min, max): 17.17K (21, 4.06M)

Dataset Summary

The Swedish dynaword is a collection of Swedish free-form text datasets from various domains. All of the datasets in the Swedish Dynaword are openly licensed and deemed permissible for training large language models.

Swedish dynaword is continually developed, which means that the dataset will actively be updated as new datasets become available. If you would like to contribute a dataset see the contribute section.

Loading the dataset

from datasets import load_dataset

name = "danish-foundation-models/swedish-dynaword"
ds = load_dataset(name, split = "train")
sample = ds[1] # see "Data Instances" below

or load it by streaming the data

ds = load_dataset(name, split = "train", streaming=True)
dataset_iter = iter(ds)
sample = next(iter(dataset_iter))

You can also load a single subset at a time:

ds = load_dataset(name, "lag1800", split = "train")

As Swedish dynaword is continually expanding and curated you can make sure that you get the same dataset every time by specifying the revision: You can also load a single subset at a time:

ds = load_dataset(name, revision="{desired revision}")

Languages

This dataset includes the following languages:

• Swedish (swe-Latn)

In addition it likely contains small amounts of English due to code-switching and Scandinavian languages due to language misclassificaitons due to their similarity.

Language is denoted using BCP-47, using the langauge code ISO 639-3 and the script code ISO 15924.

Language	Sources	N. Tokens
sv	dalpilen-1860, lag1800, svensk-tidskrift, statens-offentliga-utredningar, biblioteksbladet, riksdagen-forfattningssamling, riksdagen-reglementen, riksdagen-register, riksdagen-skrivelser, riksdagen-utredningar, riksdagen-berattelser, riksdagen-motioner, riksdagen-betankanden, riksdagen-propositioner, riksdagen-protokoll	3.21B
Total		3.21B

Domains

This dynaword consist of data from various domains (e.g., legal, books, social media). The following table and figure give an overview of the relative distributions of these domains. To see a full overview of the source check out the source data section

Domain	Sources	N. Tokens
Report	statens-offentliga-utredningar, riksdagen-register, riksdagen-skrivelser, riksdagen-utredningar, riksdagen-berattelser, riksdagen-motioner, riksdagen-betankanden, riksdagen-propositioner, riksdagen-protokoll	3.17B
News	dalpilen-1860, svensk-tidskrift, biblioteksbladet	40.12M
Legal	lag1800, riksdagen-forfattningssamling, riksdagen-reglementen	6.79M
Total		3.21B

Licensing

The following gives an overview of the licensing in the Dynaword. To get the exact license of the individual datasets check out the overview table. These license is applied to the constituent data, i.e., the text. The collection of datasets (metadata, quality control, etc.) is licensed under CC-0.

License	Sources	N. Tokens
CC-BY 4.0	dalpilen-1860, lag1800, svensk-tidskrift, statens-offentliga-utredningar, biblioteksbladet, riksdagen-forfattningssamling, riksdagen-reglementen, riksdagen-register, riksdagen-skrivelser, riksdagen-utredningar, riksdagen-berattelser, riksdagen-motioner, riksdagen-betankanden, riksdagen-propositioner, riksdagen-protokoll	3.21B
Total		3.21B

Dataset Structure

The dataset contains text from different sources which are thoroughly defined in Source Data.

Data Instances

Each entry in the dataset consists of a single text with associated metadata

{
  "id": "riksdagen-utredningar_000001",
  "text": "BETÄNKANDE DEN FÖR VERKSTÄLLANDE AF UTREDNING OCH AFGIFVANDE AF FÖRSLAG RÖRANDE FÖRÄNDRAD ORGANISATI[...]",
  "source": "riksdagen-utredningar",
  "added": "2026-05-29",
  "created": "1911-01-01, 1911-12-31",
  "token_count": 160883
}

Data Fields

An entry in the dataset consists of the following fields:

• id (str): A unique identifier for each document.
• text (str): The content of the document.
• source (str): The source of the document (see Source Data).
• added (str): The date when the document was added to this collection.
• created (str): The date range when the document was originally created.
• token_count (int): The number of tokens in the sample computed using the Llama 3 tokenizer.

Data Splits

The entire corpus is provided in the train split.

Dataset Creation

Curation Rationale

These datasets were collected and curated with the intention of making openly licensed Swedish data available. While this was collected with the intention of developing language models it is likely to have multiple other uses such as examining language development and differences across domains.

Annotations

This data generally contains no annotation besides the metadata attached to each sample such as what domain it belongs to.

Source Data

Below follows a brief overview of the sources in the corpus along with their individual license. To get more information about the individual dataset click the hyperlink in the table.

Overview Table (click to unfold)

You can learn more about each dataset by pressing the link in the first column.

Source	Description	Domain	N. Tokens	License
statens-offentliga-utredningar	Historical Swedish government investigation reports (Statens offentliga utredningar) from 1922 to 1996	Report	909.69M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-propositioner	Swedish government bills and parliamentary letters from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Propositions and letters	Report	699.11M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-protokoll	Swedish parliamentary debate protocols from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Protocols	Report	624.22M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-betankanden	Swedish parliamentary committee reports, memorandums and opinions from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Reports, memorandums and opinions	Report	423.50M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-motioner	Swedish parliamentary motions from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Motions	Report	149.83M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-berattelser	Swedish parliamentary narratives and accounts from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Narratives and accounts	Report	129.77M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-utredningar	Swedish parliamentary government investigation texts from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Government official investigations	Report	125.48M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-skrivelser	Swedish parliamentary letters and communications from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Letters of the Riksdag	Report	61.79M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-register	Swedish parliamentary register texts from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Register	Report	44.16M	CC-BY 4.0
dalpilen-1860	Historical Swedish newspaper issues from Språkbanken Text's Dalpilen 1860's	News	17.51M	CC-BY 4.0
svensk-tidskrift	Historical Swedish conservative journal (Svensk Tidskrift) covering 27 annual volumes from 1891 to 1940	News	13.89M	CC-BY 4.0
biblioteksbladet	Early volumes of the Swedish library journal Biblioteksbladet (1916–1940)	News	8.71M	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-reglementen	Swedish parliamentary regulations from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: Regulations	Legal	5.69M	CC-BY 4.0
lag1800	Historical Swedish legal texts from Språkbanken Text's Laws from the 1800's	Legal	921.60K	CC-BY 4.0
riksdagen-forfattningssamling	Swedish parliamentary constitutional texts from Språkbanken Text's Bicameral riksdag: The constitution of the Riksdag	Legal	185.96K	CC-BY 4.0
Total			3.21B

Data Collection and Processing

This dynaword is continually developed, which means that the dataset will actively be updated as new datasets become available. This means that the size of Dynaword increases over time as seen in the following plot:

The data collection and processing varies depending on the dataset and is documentationed the individual datasheets, which is linked in the above table. If possible the collection is documented both in the datasheet and in the reproducible script (data/{dataset}/create.py).

In addition to data specific processing we also run a series automated quality checks to ensure formatting (e.g. ensuring correctly formatted columns and unique IDs), quality checks (e.g. duplicate and empty string detection) and datasheet documentation checks. These checks are there to ensure a high quality of documentation and a minimal level of quality. To allow for the development of novel cleaning methodologies we do not provide more extensive cleaning.

Dataset Statistics

The following plot(s) are intended to give an overview of docuements length in the various sources.

Contributing to the dataset

We welcome contributions to the dataset, including new sources, improved data filtering, and other enhancements. To get started on contributing, please see the contribution guidelines

Citation Information

If you use this work, please cite the scientific article introducing the Dynaword approach. Many of the sources in this dataset are distributed by Språkbanken Text, which should also be cited:

Enevoldsen, K.C., Jensen, K.N., Kostkan, J., Szab'o, B.I., Kardos, M., Vad, K., Heinsen, J., N'unez, A.B., Barmina, G., Nielsen, J., Larsen, R., Vahlstrup, P.B., Dalum, P.M., Elliott, D., Galke, L., Schneider-Kamp, P., & Nielbo, K.L. (2025). Dynaword: From One-shot to Continuously Developed Datasets.

Forsberg, M., Dannélls, D., Borin, L., & Berdicevskis, A. (2025). Background: Språkbanken Text. In D. Dannélls, K. Blensenius & L. Borin (Eds.), Sixty years of Swedish computational lexicography (pp. 161–173).

@article{enevoldsen2025dynaword,
  title={Dynaword: From One-shot to Continuously Developed Datasets},
  author={Enevoldsen, Kenneth and Jensen, Kristian N{\o}rgaard and Kostkan, Jan and Szab{\'o}, Bal{\'a}zs and Kardos, M{\'a}rton and Vad, Kirten and N{\'u}{\~n}ez, Andrea Blasi and Barmina, Gianluca and Nielsen, Jacob and Larsen, Rasmus and others},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.02271},
  year={2025}
}
@incollection{forsberg2025spraakbanken,
  title={Background: {S}pr{\aa}kbanken {T}ext},
  author={Forsberg, Markus and Dann{\'e}lls, Dana and Borin, Lars and Berdicevskis, Aleksandrs},
  booktitle={Sixty years of {S}wedish computational lexicography},
  editor={Dann{\'e}lls, Dana and Blensenius, Kristian and Borin, Lars},
  pages={161--173},
  year={2025}
}

Additionally, we recommend citing the relevant source datasets as well. See the individual datasheets for more information.

License information

The license for each constituent dataset is supplied in the Source data table. This license is applied to the constituent data, i.e., the text. The collection of datasets (metadata, quality control, etc.) is licensed under CC-0.

Personal and Sensitive Information

As far as we are aware the dataset does not contain information identifying sexual orientation, political beliefs, religion, or health connected along with a personal identifier of any non-public or non-historic figures.

Bias, Risks, and Limitations

Certain works in this collection are historical works and thus reflect the linguistic, cultural, and ideological norms of their time. As such, it includes perspectives, assumptions, and biases characteristic of the period, which may be considered offensive or exclusionary by contemporary standards.

Notice and takedown policy

We redistribute files shared with us under a license permitting such redistribution. If you have concerns about the licensing of these files, please contact us. If you consider that the data contains material that infringe your copyright, please:

• Clearly identify yourself with detailed contact information such as an address, a telephone number, or an email address at which you can be contacted.
• Clearly reference the original work claimed to be infringed
• Clearly identify the material claimed to be infringing and information reasonably sufficient to allow us to locate the material. You can contact us through this channel. We will comply with legitimate requests by removing the affected sources from the next release of the corpus

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A Danish Foundation Models dataset