Datasets:

SmartQHSE
/

major-process-safety-incidents-2026

Error code:   StreamingRowsError
Exception:    CastError
Message:      Couldn't cast
metadata: struct<name: string, canonical: string, api: string, license: string, license_url: string, cite_as:  (... 122 chars omitted)
  child 0, name: string
  child 1, canonical: string
  child 2, api: string
  child 3, license: string
  child 4, license_url: string
  child 5, cite_as: string
  child 6, doi: string
  child 7, zenodo_url: string
  child 8, wikidata_qid: string
  child 9, publisher: string
  child 10, last_updated: timestamp[s]
  child 11, rows: int64
data: list<item: struct<id: string, name: string, date: timestamp[s], location: string, country: string, o (... 334 chars omitted)
  child 0, item: struct<id: string, name: string, date: timestamp[s], location: string, country: string, operator: st (... 322 chars omitted)
      child 0, id: string
      child 1, name: string
      child 2, date: timestamp[s]
      child 3, location: string
      child 4, country: string
      child 5, operator: string
      child 6, industry: string
      child 7, fatalities: int64
      child 8, injuries: int64
      child 9, material_released: string
      child 10, direct_cause: string
      child 11, root_causes: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
      child 12, api_rp_754_tier: int64
      child 13, regulatory_response: string
      child 14, key_lessons: list<item: string>
          child 0, item: string
      child 15, primary_source_url: string
      child 16, secondary_sources: list<item: struct<title: string, url: string>>
          child 0, item: stru
...
child 0, item: string
@context: struct<@language: string, @vocab: string, citeAs: string, column: string, conformsTo: string, cr: st (... 552 chars omitted)
  child 0, @language: string
  child 1, @vocab: string
  child 2, citeAs: string
  child 3, column: string
  child 4, conformsTo: string
  child 5, cr: string
  child 6, data: struct<@id: string, @type: string>
      child 0, @id: string
      child 1, @type: string
  child 7, dataType: struct<@id: string, @type: string>
      child 0, @id: string
      child 1, @type: string
  child 8, dct: string
  child 9, examples: struct<@id: string, @type: string>
      child 0, @id: string
      child 1, @type: string
  child 10, extract: string
  child 11, field: string
  child 12, fileProperty: string
  child 13, fileObject: string
  child 14, fileSet: string
  child 15, format: string
  child 16, includes: string
  child 17, isLiveDataset: string
  child 18, jsonPath: string
  child 19, key: string
  child 20, md5: string
  child 21, parentField: string
  child 22, path: string
  child 23, recordSet: string
  child 24, references: string
  child 25, regex: string
  child 26, repeated: string
  child 27, replace: string
  child 28, sc: string
  child 29, separator: string
  child 30, source: string
  child 31, subField: string
  child 32, transform: string
version: string
datePublished: timestamp[s]
dateModified: timestamp[s]
inLanguage: string
license: string
description: string
sameAs: list<item: string>
  child 0, item: string
to
{'@context': {'@language': Value('string'), '@vocab': Value('string'), 'citeAs': Value('string'), 'column': Value('string'), 'conformsTo': Value('string'), 'cr': Value('string'), 'data': {'@id': Value('string'), '@type': Value('string')}, 'dataType': {'@id': Value('string'), '@type': Value('string')}, 'dct': Value('string'), 'examples': {'@id': Value('string'), '@type': Value('string')}, 'extract': Value('string'), 'field': Value('string'), 'fileProperty': Value('string'), 'fileObject': Value('string'), 'fileSet': Value('string'), 'format': Value('string'), 'includes': Value('string'), 'isLiveDataset': Value('string'), 'jsonPath': Value('string'), 'key': Value('string'), 'md5': Value('string'), 'parentField': Value('string'), 'path': Value('string'), 'recordSet': Value('string'), 'references': Value('string'), 'regex': Value('string'), 'repeated': Value('string'), 'replace': Value('string'), 'sc': Value('string'), 'separator': Value('string'), 'source': Value('string'), 'subField': Value('string'), 'transform': Value('string')}, '@type': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string'), 'sameAs': List(Value('string')), 'license': Value('string'), 'creator': {'@type': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string')}, 'publisher': {'@type': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string')}, 'datePublished': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'dateModified': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'version': Value('string'), 'keywords': List(Value('string')), 'inLanguage': Value('string'), 'conformsTo': Value('string'), 'citeAs': Value('string'), 'isLiveDataset': Value('bool'), 'distribution': List({'@type': Value('string'), '@id': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'contentUrl': Value('string'), 'encodingFormat': Value('string'), 'sha256': Value('string')})}
because column names don't match
Traceback:    Traceback (most recent call last):
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 99, in get_rows_or_raise
                  return get_rows(
                         ^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/libs/libcommon/src/libcommon/utils.py", line 272, in decorator
                  return func(*args, **kwargs)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/src/services/worker/src/worker/utils.py", line 77, in get_rows
                  rows_plus_one = list(itertools.islice(ds, rows_max_number + 1))
                                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2690, in __iter__
                  for key, example in ex_iterable:
                                      ^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2227, in __iter__
                  for key, pa_table in self._iter_arrow():
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 2251, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.ex_iterable._iter_arrow():
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 494, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in iterator:
                                       ^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/iterable_dataset.py", line 384, in _iter_arrow
                  for key, pa_table in self.generate_tables_fn(**gen_kwags):
                                       ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 299, in _generate_tables
                  self._cast_table(pa_table, json_field_paths=json_field_paths),
                  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/packaged_modules/json/json.py", line 128, in _cast_table
                  pa_table = table_cast(pa_table, self.info.features.arrow_schema)
                             ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2321, in table_cast
                  return cast_table_to_schema(table, schema)
                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
                File "/usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages/datasets/table.py", line 2249, in cast_table_to_schema
                  raise CastError(
              datasets.table.CastError: Couldn't cast
              metadata: struct<name: string, canonical: string, api: string, license: string, license_url: string, cite_as:  (... 122 chars omitted)
                child 0, name: string
                child 1, canonical: string
                child 2, api: string
                child 3, license: string
                child 4, license_url: string
                child 5, cite_as: string
                child 6, doi: string
                child 7, zenodo_url: string
                child 8, wikidata_qid: string
                child 9, publisher: string
                child 10, last_updated: timestamp[s]
                child 11, rows: int64
              data: list<item: struct<id: string, name: string, date: timestamp[s], location: string, country: string, o (... 334 chars omitted)
                child 0, item: struct<id: string, name: string, date: timestamp[s], location: string, country: string, operator: st (... 322 chars omitted)
                    child 0, id: string
                    child 1, name: string
                    child 2, date: timestamp[s]
                    child 3, location: string
                    child 4, country: string
                    child 5, operator: string
                    child 6, industry: string
                    child 7, fatalities: int64
                    child 8, injuries: int64
                    child 9, material_released: string
                    child 10, direct_cause: string
                    child 11, root_causes: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                    child 12, api_rp_754_tier: int64
                    child 13, regulatory_response: string
                    child 14, key_lessons: list<item: string>
                        child 0, item: string
                    child 15, primary_source_url: string
                    child 16, secondary_sources: list<item: struct<title: string, url: string>>
                        child 0, item: stru
              ...
              child 0, item: string
              @context: struct<@language: string, @vocab: string, citeAs: string, column: string, conformsTo: string, cr: st (... 552 chars omitted)
                child 0, @language: string
                child 1, @vocab: string
                child 2, citeAs: string
                child 3, column: string
                child 4, conformsTo: string
                child 5, cr: string
                child 6, data: struct<@id: string, @type: string>
                    child 0, @id: string
                    child 1, @type: string
                child 7, dataType: struct<@id: string, @type: string>
                    child 0, @id: string
                    child 1, @type: string
                child 8, dct: string
                child 9, examples: struct<@id: string, @type: string>
                    child 0, @id: string
                    child 1, @type: string
                child 10, extract: string
                child 11, field: string
                child 12, fileProperty: string
                child 13, fileObject: string
                child 14, fileSet: string
                child 15, format: string
                child 16, includes: string
                child 17, isLiveDataset: string
                child 18, jsonPath: string
                child 19, key: string
                child 20, md5: string
                child 21, parentField: string
                child 22, path: string
                child 23, recordSet: string
                child 24, references: string
                child 25, regex: string
                child 26, repeated: string
                child 27, replace: string
                child 28, sc: string
                child 29, separator: string
                child 30, source: string
                child 31, subField: string
                child 32, transform: string
              version: string
              datePublished: timestamp[s]
              dateModified: timestamp[s]
              inLanguage: string
              license: string
              description: string
              sameAs: list<item: string>
                child 0, item: string
              to
              {'@context': {'@language': Value('string'), '@vocab': Value('string'), 'citeAs': Value('string'), 'column': Value('string'), 'conformsTo': Value('string'), 'cr': Value('string'), 'data': {'@id': Value('string'), '@type': Value('string')}, 'dataType': {'@id': Value('string'), '@type': Value('string')}, 'dct': Value('string'), 'examples': {'@id': Value('string'), '@type': Value('string')}, 'extract': Value('string'), 'field': Value('string'), 'fileProperty': Value('string'), 'fileObject': Value('string'), 'fileSet': Value('string'), 'format': Value('string'), 'includes': Value('string'), 'isLiveDataset': Value('string'), 'jsonPath': Value('string'), 'key': Value('string'), 'md5': Value('string'), 'parentField': Value('string'), 'path': Value('string'), 'recordSet': Value('string'), 'references': Value('string'), 'regex': Value('string'), 'repeated': Value('string'), 'replace': Value('string'), 'sc': Value('string'), 'separator': Value('string'), 'source': Value('string'), 'subField': Value('string'), 'transform': Value('string')}, '@type': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'description': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string'), 'sameAs': List(Value('string')), 'license': Value('string'), 'creator': {'@type': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string')}, 'publisher': {'@type': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'url': Value('string')}, 'datePublished': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'dateModified': Value('timestamp[s]'), 'version': Value('string'), 'keywords': List(Value('string')), 'inLanguage': Value('string'), 'conformsTo': Value('string'), 'citeAs': Value('string'), 'isLiveDataset': Value('bool'), 'distribution': List({'@type': Value('string'), '@id': Value('string'), 'name': Value('string'), 'contentUrl': Value('string'), 'encodingFormat': Value('string'), 'sha256': Value('string')})}
              because column names don't match

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Canonical landing page: https://www.smartqhse.com/datasets/major-process-safety-incidents-2026

Major Process Safety Incidents Reference Database 2026

15 catastrophic process-safety accidents from 1984-2022 — Bhopal, Piper Alpha, BP Texas City, Macondo, Buncefield, Imperial Sugar, West Fertilizer, Philadelphia Energy Solutions, BP Husky Toledo, AZF Toulouse, TVA Kingston, ExxonMobil Beaumont, Chevron Richmond, Esso Longford, Phillips 66 Pasadena. Each entry: cause, fatalities, root causes, API RP 754 tier, regulatory response, key lessons, primary source URL. Sourced from CSB, HSE Cullen Inquiry, BSEE, EPA, ARIA. Sensitive — every entry covers real deaths.

Citation (preferred — academic) SmartQHSE Ltd (2026). Major Process Safety Incidents Reference Database 2026 [dataset]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20010231

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20010231
Zenodo record: https://zenodo.org/record/20010231 Wikidata entity: Q139623102 CC BY 4.0 — free to use commercially with attribution.

Files

File	Description
`data.jsonl`	One JSON record per line — primary format. Loadable via `datasets.load_dataset()` directly.
`data.json`	Same data as a single JSON array (with array key matching the source).
`data.csv`	Selected fields as CSV for spreadsheet users.

Live access (CC BY 4.0, CORS-open, no auth)

Canonical page: https://www.smartqhse.com/major-process-safety-incidents-2026
REST API (filterable): https://www.smartqhse.com/api/v1/process-safety-incidents

Loading example

from datasets import load_dataset
ds = load_dataset("SmartQHSE/major-process-safety-incidents-2026")
print(ds["train"][0])

# Or directly via the live REST API
curl https://www.smartqhse.com/api/v1/process-safety-incidents

License

This dataset is released under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0). Free to use commercially with attribution. Cite as:

SmartQHSE Ltd (2026). Major Process Safety Incidents Reference Database 2026 [dataset]. https://www.smartqhse.com/major-process-safety-incidents-2026

Considerations for using the data

Sensitive data — every entry covers real fatalities. Treat with care.
Fatality counts are best-effort cross-referenced against multiple primary sources but may differ from other compilations due to delayed-effect deaths or jurisdictional inclusion differences.
Bhopal entry uses Indian Government settlement-era figure of 3,787; other sources cite figures from 3,000 to 25,000+ depending on inclusion criteria for delayed-effect deaths.
Selection bias: focuses on incidents that drove regulatory change, predominantly US and Western Europe. Latin American, African, and Asian process-safety accidents under-represented.
Key lessons are editorialised summaries of regulator findings, not direct quotes.
Always cross-check against the primary_source_url before citing a specific fatality count or attribution.

Related datasets

Sources

US Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) — SOII + CFOI
US Department of Labor — OSHA Injury Tracking Application + standards
UK Health and Safety Executive (HSE)
European Commission + Eurostat ESAW
IOGP, ILO, NIOSH, ACGIH
UAE OSHAD-SF, KSA SAPI, Qatar QCDD, Oman MOLSD
ISO Technical Committees (TC 283 — OH&S Management Systems)

All consolidated and republished under CC BY 4.0 with attribution.

About SmartQHSE

SmartQHSE is the AI-native HSE/QHSE platform for construction, oil & gas, manufacturing, and industrial teams. We publish open data because the broader HSE profession deserves free access to the safety statistics our trade bodies otherwise gate behind expensive memberships.

Related SmartQHSE datasets

Part of the SmartQHSE open HSE data collection (catalog · data paper DOI 10.5281/zenodo.20010657 · HuggingFace org):

hse-benchmarks-2026 — TRIR / LTIFR / DART / fatality rates across 15 countries × 20+ industries
osha-rates-2026 — TRIR / DART / fatality rates by NAICS — BLS SOII + CFOI + OSHA ITA
hse-qa-corpus — Long-form HSE Q&A pairs for instruction tuning + RAG
hse-glossary — Authoritative HSE term definitions (130+ entries)
hse-regulations-changelog — Live-tracked regulatory updates across 25+ jurisdictions
hse-instruction-tuning — Instruction-tuning pairs for HSE fine-tuning workflows
hse-incident-rate-formulas — Authoritative TRIR / LTIFR / DART / EMR formulas with worked examples
hse-regulators-directory — 40+ country labour authorities with URLs and primary statutes
hse-standards-crosswalk — ISO 45001 ↔ OSHA ↔ OSHAD-SF ↔ Aramco SAPI ↔ RIDDOR mapping
gcc-heat-illness-regulations-2026 — UAE / KSA / Qatar / Oman / Bahrain / Kuwait summer ban rules + penalties
osha-most-cited-standards-2024 — Top 30 cited OSHA standards with focus + penalty range
osha-regulated-chemicals-pel-2026 — Top 30 OSHA-regulated chemicals with PELs + health effects
named-process-safety-incidents-extended-2026 — 43-entry extended incident reference 1911–2024
hse-acronym-dictionary-2026 — 150+ HSE/EHS acronyms with one-line definitions

Companion full-text corpus: /llms-full.txt — 213KB markdown reference compiled for LLM ingestion. All datasets CC BY 4.0.

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Collection including SmartQHSE/major-process-safety-incidents-2026

SmartQHSE Open HSE Data

Collection

Free, CC BY 4.0 health, safety & environment datasets — TRIR/LTIFR benchmarks, US OSHA rates, HSE Q&A, glossary, regs changelog. • 12 items • Updated about 1 month ago