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23260397 | Recent advances in flow MRI. | The past five years have seen exciting new developments in Flow MRI. Two-dimensional images are now routinely acquired in 100-200 ms and, in some cases, acquisition times of 5-10 ms are possible. This has been achieved not only by advances in the implementation of existing pulse sequences but also in data acquisition s... |
23260394 | Measurement and correction of stimulated echo contamination in T2-based iron quantification. | The purpose of this study was to characterize the effects of stimulated echo contamination on MR-based iron measurement derived from quantitative T2 images and develop a method for retrospective correction. Two multiple spin-echo (MSE) pulse sequences were implemented with different amounts of stimulated echo contamina... |
23260395 | Integration of structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging improves mild cognitive impairment detection. | The identification of mild cognitive impairments (MCI) via either structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) or functional MRI (fMRI) has great potential due to the non-invasiveness of the techniques. Furthermore, these techniques allow longitudinal follow-ups of single subjects via repeated measurements. sMRI- or fM... |
23260393 | Automatic segmentation of brain MRI in high-dimensional local and non-local feature space based on sparse representation. | Automatic extraction of the varying regions of magnetic resonance images is required as a prior step in a diagnostic intelligent system. The sparsest representation and high-dimensional feature are provided based on learned dictionary. The classification is done by employing the technique that computes the reconstructi... |
23260391 | Perfusion and diffusion sensitive 13C stimulated-echo MRSI for metabolic imaging of cancer. | Metabolic imaging with hyperpolarized [1-(13)C]-pyruvate can rapidly probe tissue metabolic profiles in vivo and has been shown to provide cancer imaging biomarkers for tumor detection, progression, and response to therapy. This technique uses a bolus injection followed by imaging within 1-2 minutes. The observed metab... |
23260392 | High resolution dynamic cardiac MRI using partial separability of spatiotemporal signals with a novel sampling scheme. | The partial separability (PS) of spatiotemporal signals has been exploited to accelerate dynamic cardiac MRI by sampling two datasets (training and imaging datasets) without breath-holding or ECG triggering. According to the theory of partially separable functions, the wider the range of spatial frequency components co... |
23260390 | Linezolid dependence in Staphylococcus epidermidis bloodstream isolates. | We document linezolid dependence among 5 highly linezolid-resistant (LRSE) Staphylococcus epidermidis bloodstream isolates that grew substantially faster at 32 µg/mL linezolid presence. These isolates carried the mutations T2504A and C2534T in multiple 23S rRNA copies and 2 mutations leading to relevant amino acid subs... |
23260389 | Prognostic significance of weight gain during definitive chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. | The successful treatment of locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is still compromised by poor locoregional and distant control rates. Given the morbidity associated with treatment, it is critical to determine clinical prognostic factors to risk stratify patients before and af... |
23260386 | [Comparative cost-effectiveness analysis between darunavir/ritonavir and other protease inhibitors in treatment-naive human immunodeficiency syndrome type 1-infected patients in Spain]. | GESIDA (AIDS Study Group) has proposed preferred regimens of antiretroviral treatment as initial therapy in HIV infected patients. The objective of this analysis is to compare the costs and effectiveness of darunavir/r QD and other ritonavir-boosted (/r) protease inhibitors (PIs) currently recommended in GESIDA guideli... |
23260385 | [Community-onset Staphylococcus aureus infection in neonates]. | Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of neonatal community-onset infections. The emergence of methicillin-resistant S. aureus infections in this age group has been reported in USA in the last few years; however there are no studies in Spain. The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological, clinical and micro... |
23260384 | [Linezolid resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus: phenotypical and genotypical characteristics and sensitivity to antibiotic combinations]. | We recovered 22 coagulase-negative staphylococci isolates in our hospital to study their identity, susceptibility, epidemiological profile, linezolid resistance mechanisms, and the possibilities of different antibiotic combinations. Isolate identification was performed using mass spectrometry (Vitek-MS, bioMérieux). Su... |
23260383 | Role of Kupffer cells and toll-like receptor 4 in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. | Significant morbidity associated with acute liver failure (ALF) is from the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has been shown to play an integral role in the modulation of SIRS. However, little is known about the mechanistic role of TLR4 in ALF. Also, no cell type has been ident... |
23260382 | A study on the mutual causation of suicide reporting and suicide incidences. | Little research has been done on the complex relationships between the effect of news reporting on suicide incidence and vice versa (i.e., mutual causation). Furthermore, few studies have examined whether the entry of a new media outlet into a market changes the media dynamics in that market. A recursive two-way feedba... |
23260381 | The bidirectional relationships between alcohol, cannabis, co-occurring alcohol and cannabis use disorders with major depressive disorder: results from a national sample. | Alcohol use disorders (AUD) and cannabis use disorders (CUD) are common in the United States (US), and are associated with major depressive disorder (MDD). Co-occurring alcohol and cannabis use/use disorders (AUD+CUD), though understudied, have been found to be associated with greater adverse outcomes than alcohol or c... |
23260380 | Carbon storage and soil CO2 efflux rates at varying degrees of damage from pine wilt disease in red pine stands. | We evaluated the carbon (C) storage and soil CO2 efflux rates of red pine (Pinus densiflora S. et Z.) stands damaged by pine wilt disease (PWD) in Korea. Ten red pine plots at varying degrees of damage from PWD were established and grouped into five categories (very slightly, slightly, moderately, severely, and very se... |
23260379 | Addition of a clay subsoil to a sandy top soil alters CO2 release and the interactions in residue mixtures. | Addition of clay-rich subsoils to sandy top soils is an agricultural management option to increase water and nutrient retention and may also increase organic carbon sequestration by decreasing the decomposition rates. An incubation experiment was carried out in a loamy sand top soil mixed with a clay-rich subsoil (84% ... |
23260378 | Denitrification and N2O:N2 production in temperate grasslands: processes, measurements, modelling and mitigating negative impacts. | In this review we explore the biotic transformations of nitrogenous compounds that occur during denitrification, and the factors that influence denitrifier populations and enzyme activities, and hence, affect the production of nitrous oxide (N2O) and dinitrogen (N2) in soils. Characteristics of the genes related to den... |
23260377 | Genetic determinants of clopidogrel responsiveness in Koreans treated with drug-eluting stents. | Variations of genes encoding cytochrome enzymes, drug transporters, and paraoxonase have recently been reported to be associated with clopidogrel response variability besides the well-known CYP2C19 loss-of-function (LOF) alleles. We determined whether newly reported genetic variations are associated with clopidogrel on... |
23260376 | Surveillance guidelines for disease elimination: a case study of canine rabies. | Surveillance is a critical component of disease control programmes but is often poorly resourced, particularly in developing countries lacking good infrastructure and especially for zoonoses which require combined veterinary and medical capacity and collaboration. Here we examine how successful control, and ultimately ... |
23260375 | A one health perspective on HPAI H5N1 in the Greater Mekong sub-region. | Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 has been a global concern for almost 10 years since its epidemic emergence in South-east Asia in 2003/2004. Despite large investment of resources into the region, the infection has not been eradicated and continues to result in outbreaks in poultry and a small number of human fata... |
23260374 | Intersectoral collaboration between the medical and veterinary professions in low-resource societies: The role of research and training institutions. | Neglected zoonoses continue to significantly affect human health in low-resource countries. A symposium was organised in Antwerp, Belgium, on 5 November 2010 to evaluate how intersectoral collaboration among educational and research institutions could improve the situation. Brucellosis and echinococcosis were presented... |
23260373 | Zoonotic fecal pathogens and antimicrobial resistance in county fair animals. | Livestock fairs present a unique opportunity for the public to experience close contact with animals, but may also expose people to zoonotic pathogens through contact with animal feces. The goal of this study was to screen cattle, sheep, goat, chicken, rabbit and horse feces from a livestock fair in California for the ... |
23260372 | Avian wildlife as sentinels of ecosystem health. | Birds have been widely used as sentinels of ecosystem health reflecting changes in habitat quality, increased incidence of disease, and exposure to and effects of chemical contaminants. Numerous studies addressing these issues focus on the breeding period, since hormonal, behavioural, reproductive, and developmental as... |
23260370 | The assessment and management of the violent patient in critical hospital settings. | Patient violence and aggression is prevalent in critical care settings, yet clinicians are often inadequately trained to assess and respond to these types of behaviors. Targeted toward trainees as well as seasoned clinicians, this articles provides an updated review of the literature regarding the management of violenc... |
23260368 | Trabecular microarchitecture in established osteoporosis: relationship between vertebrae, distal radius and calcaneus by X-ray imaging texture analysis. | Osteoporosis is an alteration of bone mass and microarchitecture leading to an increased risk of fractures. A radiograph is a 2D projection of the 3D bone network exposing a texture, that can be assessed by texture analysis. We compared the trabecular microarchitecture of the spine, radius and calcaneus in a series of ... |
23260366 | Protection of cisplatin-induced spermatotoxicity, DNA damage and chromatin abnormality by selenium nano-particles. | Cisplatin (CIS), an anticancer alkylating agent, induces DNA adducts and effectively cross links the DNA strands and so affects spermatozoa as a male reproductive toxicant. The present study investigated the cellular/biochemical mechanisms underlying possible protective effect of selenium nano-particles (Nano-Se) as an... |
23260367 | Flatfoot in children and adolescents. Analysis of imaging findings and therapeutic implications. | Pes planovalgus (PPV) is a complex three-dimensional deformity of which routine radiographs provide only a two-dimensional analysis. Angles and other radiographic parameters of the foot in children and adolescents, when studied on both the dorsoplantar and the lateral view, can be used to establish a radiographic class... |
23260352 | Novel in vivo active anti-malarials based on a hydroxy-ethyl-amine scaffold. | A novel series of anti-malarials, based on a hydroxy-ethyl-amine scaffold, initially identified as peptidomimetic protease inhibitors is described. Combination of the hydroxy-ethyl-amine anti-malarial phramacophore with the known Mannich base pharmacophore of amodiaquine (57) resulted in promising in vivo active novel ... |
23260351 | Design and synthesis of 2-(3-alkylaminophenyl)-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolin-4-ones as potent antitumor agents. | 2-(3-Alkylaminophenyl)-6-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)quinolin-4-ones 1-3 were synthesized and screened for anti-proliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines, as well as the normal cell line Detroit 551. All of the synthesized target compounds 1-3 demonstrated potent cytotoxic activity against the cancer cell lines... |
23260350 | Identification of benzofuran central cores for the inhibition of leukotriene A(4) hydrolase. | Leukotrienes (LT's) are known to play a physiological role in inflammatory immune response. Leukotriene A(4) hydrolase (LTA(4)H) is a cystolic enzyme that stereospecifically catalyzes the transformation of LTA(4) to LTB(4). LTB(4) is a known pro-inflammatory mediator. This paper describes the identification and synthes... |
23260349 | Discovery and SAR of PF-4693627, a potent, selective and orally bioavailable mPGES-1 inhibitor for the potential treatment of inflammation. | Inhibition of mPGES-1, the terminal enzyme in the arachidonic acid/COX pathway to regulate the production of pro-inflammatory prostaglandin PGE2, is considered an attractive new therapeutic target for safe and effective anti-inflammatory drugs. The discovery of a novel series of orally active, selective benzoxazole pip... |
23260348 | Discovery of a new series of [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines as dual phosphodiesterase 2/phosphodiesterase 10 (PDE2/PDE10) inhibitors. | The synthesis, preliminary evaluation and structure-activity relationship (SAR) of a series of 1-aryl-4-methyl[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalines as dual phosphodiesterase 2/phosphodiesterase 10 (PDE2/PDE10) inhibitors are described. From this investigation compound 31 was identified, showing good combined potency, acce... |
23260347 | Synthesis and evaluation of diphenylphosphinic amides and diphenylphosphine oxides as inhibitors of Kv1.5. | Diphenylphosphinic amides and diphenylphosphine oxides have been synthesized and tested as inhibitors of the Kv1.5 potassium ion channel as a possible treatment for atrial fibrillation. In vitro structure-activity relationships are discussed and several compounds with Kv1.5 IC(50) values of <0.5 μM were discovered. Sel... |
23260346 | Selective inhibitors and tailored activity probes for lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2). | Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2) or PLA(2)G7) binds to low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, where it is thought to hydrolyze oxidatively truncated phospholipids. Lp-PLA(2) has also been implicated as a pro-tumorigenic enzyme in human prostate cancer. Several inhibitors of Lp-PLA(2) have been des... |
23260345 | Oral Candida species in head and neck cancer patients treated by radiotherapy. | This paper aimed to identify and quantify Candida on head and neck irradiated patients with two comparative elderly populations. Saliva was sampled from 29 head and neck irradiated patients (group 1) 34 non-institutionalized elderly patients (group 2) and 29 institutionalized elders (group 3) and matched by age. For qu... |
23260344 | Tinnitus related to eyelid blinking. | Tinnitus can be generated by various causes, including vascular or myogenic factors and sensorineural auditory structures. Tinnitus due to repetitive contraction of the paraauditory muscles is a rare condition. We present a case of bilateral tinnitus concomitant with eyelid blinking. Otoscopy revealed normal tympanic m... |
23260343 | Synovial sarcomas of the head and neck: comparative analysis with synovial sarcoma of the extremities. | This study analyzed synovial sarcoma (SS) of the head and neck in order to identify features associated with survival improvement and compared them with the survival of SS of limbs. Clinical charts and histopathologic material with analysis for SYT/SSX gene rearrangement of 16 patients were reviewed. The clinicopatholo... |
23260342 | Puumala virus infections associated with cardiovascular causes of death. | We studied the causes of death of patients in Sweden with diagnoses of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) during 1997-2009. Cardiovascular disorders were a common cause of death during acute-phase HFRS and were the cause of death for >50% of those who died during the first year after HFRS. |
23260339 | Psychiatric symptoms in patients with multiple sclerosis. | This study was intended to identify general psychiatric symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and to determine the distribution of these psychiatric symptoms by type of MS and degree of disability. One hundred fifty-two volunteers, 76 MS patients and 76 healthy controls, matched in terms of age, gender, marital ... |
23260340 | Amygdalar expression of proteins associated with neuroplasticity in major depression and suicide. | Doublecortin (DCX) and polysialilated neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM), two proteins associated with immature neuronal phenotypes and elevated neuroplasticity in the adult brain, have recently been identified in the mammalian amygdala, and evidence from rodent studies suggests that stress may modify their expre... |
23260338 | Hepatitis C among patients with mental illness in Brazil: an analysis of associated factors. | The objective was to assess factors associated with previous exposure to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among Brazilian adults in mental health centers. A cross-sectional national multicenter study of 2087 psychiatric patients randomly selected from 26 public mental health services was conducted between 2005 and 200... |
23260337 | Sertraline-induced galactorrhea: case report and review of cases reported with other SSRIs. | There is limited literature reporting galactorrhea with antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). In this case report, I present a case of a young female who developed galactorrhea with sertraline, which improved on discontinuation of sertraline. Computer-assisted searches on galactorrh... |
23260336 | Comparison of impulsive and nonimpulsive suicide attempt patients treated in the emergency departments of four general hospitals in Shenyang, China. | The aim of the current study was to compare the sociodemographic and psychological characteristics of impulsive suicide attempters with those of nonimpulsive suicide attempters in the emergency departments of general hospitals in Shenyang, China. A total of 239 consecutive suicide attempters, who were treated in the em... |
23260335 | Opposing catecholamine changes in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis during intracranial self-stimulation and its extinction. | While studies suggest that both dopamine and norepinephrine neurotransmission support reinforcement learning, the role of dopamine has been emphasized. As a result, little is known about norepinephrine signaling during reward learning and extinction. Both dopamine and norepinephrine projections innervate distinct regio... |
23260334 | The role of different predictors in 20-year mortality among Krakow older citizens. | The aim of this study was to assess the change in the predictive ability of gender-related 20-year all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older people. The baseline investigation was conducted in 1986-1987 and survival of 2472 subjects aged 65 years and older was followed up for 20 years. The associations of socioec... |
23260333 | Provision of individualized care and built environment of nursing homes in Japan. | The Japanese government introduced the concept of 'unit-care model' (a large-scale facility which consists of small-scale groups) in 2003 into nursing homes. The governmental requirements are mainly about structure and staffing, not about the way of care provision. We aimed to examine if the requirements affect actual ... |
23260332 | Memory training (MT) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) generates change in cognitive performance. | Longevity can be accompanied by several challenges, among them cognitive decline. The early identification of cognitive impairment offers the opportunity to act with the aim of preventing or delaying dementia. One potential intervention measure is MT. To test the effect of MT in a sample of older individuals previously... |
23260331 | Different roles of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 in carcinogenesis and metastasis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. | Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) have been implicated in chronic inflammatory conditions and carcinogenesis. However, little is known about the biological significance of iNOS and COX-2 in cholangiocarcinoma or its precursors or metastatic lesions. We examined iNOS and COX-2 immunohis... |
23260330 | The number and growth pattern of plasmacytoid dendritic cells vary in different types of reactive lymph nodes: an immunohistochemical study. | Plasmacytoid dendritic cells, which play a fundamental role in the innate immune response, are best known for their presence in hyaline-vascular Castleman disease and histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis. The relative number and distribution in many reactive entities as detected using more sensitive methods are uncert... |
23260329 | The histomorphologic spectrum of spindle cell thymoma. | Spindle cell thymomas are a subset of thymoma that is characterized by great morphologic variability. This histologic complexity coupled with the overall rarity of these lesions can easily cause diagnostic confusion with other spindle cell neoplasms of the anterior mediastinum. In this review, we summarize the various ... |
23260328 | Merkel cell polyomavirus infection in both components of a combined Merkel cell carcinoma and basal cell carcinoma with ductal differentiation; each component had a similar but different novel Merkel cell polyomavirus large T antigen truncating mutation. | Merkel cell polyomavirus infects up to 80% of patients with Merkel cell carcinoma. Combined Merkel cell carcinoma and cutaneous tumors occur occasionally. Previous reports have suggested that Merkel cell polyomavirus is absent from combined Merkel cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas. This is the first report th... |
23260327 | Loss of phosphatase and tensin homolog expression is associated with recurrence and poor prognosis in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. | Phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is a tumor suppressor in the AKT/mTOR pathway. Animal model studies have shown that loss of PTEN function is involved in the progression of pancreatic cancer. However, the prognostic significance of loss of PTEN expression in pancreatic cancer is unclear. PTEN expression was evalua... |
23260326 | Micro-RNA-16 expression in paraffin-embedded specimen correlates with overall survival of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia. | The diagnosis and prognosis of T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia represent a clinical challenge due to their relative rarity as well as their heterogeneous morphology and immunophenotype. In contrast to the significant progress in uncovering genetic lesions and prognostic factors for B-cell lineage lymphoid malignancie... |
23260325 | Neural crest transcription factor Sox10 is preferentially expressed in triple-negative and metaplastic breast carcinomas. | The transcription factor Sox10 mediates the differentiation of neural crest-derived cells, and Sox10 labeling by immunohistochemistry (IHC) is used clinically primarily to support the diagnosis of melanoma. Sox10 expression by IHC has been previously documented in benign breast myoepithelial cells but not in breast car... |
23260324 | Identifying cognitive impairment in heart failure: a review of screening measures. | To identify and evaluate screening tools that have been used in heart failure (HF), and determine their usefulness and feasibility in the clinical setting. There is increasing evidence that HF is associated with a pattern of cognitive impairment (CI) characterized by subtle deficits particularly in the domains of memor... |
23260322 | Adenosine A1 receptor agonist, N6-cyclohexyladenosine, protects myelin and induces remyelination in an experimental model of rat optic chiasm demyelination; electrophysiological and histopathological studies. | Chronic demyelinated lesions and subsequent functional impairment are resulted from eventual failure of remyelination process as seen in multiple sclerosis. Activation of adenosine A1 receptor is reported to be effective on neural stem cells (NSCs) proliferation and oligodendrocytes differentiation. Therefore, this stu... |
23260321 | Topographical differences of brain iron deposition between progressive supranuclear palsy and parkinsonian variant multiple system atrophy. | There have been various studies showing increased iron levels in parkinsonian disorders. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate topographical differences of brain iron deposition between progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and the parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA-p) with SWI images. A total o... |
23260320 | Risk factors for stroke among patients with hypertension: a case-control study. | In some African countries, more than half of the adult population are estimated to be hypertensive leading to an escalated burden of stroke in the continent. We conducted the first study to unravel the major risk factors for stroke among hypertensive patients (Nigerian-Africans) using a case-control design while also e... |
23260319 | Clinical and radiological spectrum of Japanese encephalitis. | Japanese encephalitis (JE) is mosquito-borne flaviviral encephalitis that remains to be a major health problem in India--it still continues to cause havoc in many parts of the country. We undertook the study to analyze the clinical and radiological spectrum of JE in adults and children. This prospective study consists ... |
23260318 | Event related potentials in patients with transient global amnesia--a prospective controlled study. | The aim of this study is to evaluate changes in the latencies and amplitudes of event-related potential (ERP) components as well as cognitive habituation in patients with transient global amnesia (TGA) in order to further characterize the pathology of this syndrome. Clinical data of 43 consecutive patients with TGA was... |
23260317 | Learning curves for EUS by using cumulative sum analysis: implications for American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy recommendations for training. | American Society for Gastrointestinal Endsocopy (ASGE) guidelines for assessing minimal competence in EUS are based on expert opinion and retrospective studies. To prospectively define learning curves in EUS among advanced endoscopy trainees (AETs). Prospective trial. Three tertiary-care referral centers. AETs with no ... |
23260279 | Staphylococcus aureus causing tropical pyomyositis, Amazon Basin, Peru. | We studied 12 Staphylococcus aureus isolates causing tropical pyomyositis in the Amazon Basin of Peru. All isolates were methicillin-susceptible; 11 carried Panton-Valentine leukocidin-encoding genes, and 5 belonged to multilocus sequence type 25 and possessed an extensive set of enterotoxins. Our findings suggest sequ... |
23260276 | Association of apolipoproteins with incidence of decreased estimated GFR in Korean men. | Serum apolipoprotein level recently has been suggested to be associated with decreased eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate). However, it is not known whether serum apolipoprotein level is prospectively associated with the development of decreased eGFR. Prospective cohort study. A cohort of 30,488 apparently heal... |
23260275 | Association of race and body mass index with ESRD and mortality in CKD stages 3-4: results from the Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP). | A recent cross-sectional analysis of Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) participants suggested that obesity is a heterogeneous disease state in African Americans and whites with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In longitudinal analyses spanning 8 years of follow-up, we examined whether race and body mass index (BMI) i... |
23260274 | Centrifugal partition extraction, a new method for direct metabolites recovery from culture broth: case study of torularhodin recovery from Rhodotorula rubra. | Centrifugal partition extraction (CPE), close to centrifugal partition chromatography, put in contact in a continuous way two immiscible liquid phases. This work presents early experiments on CPE use for solid-liquid-liquid extraction. It was applied to the direct treatment of culture broth for metabolites recovery. To... |
23260273 | Combination of liquid hot water pretreatment and wet disk milling to improve the efficiency of the enzymatic hydrolysis of eucalyptus. | Combination of liquid hot water pretreatment (LHWP) and wet disk milling (WDM) was investigated in this study to enhance the sugar recovery yield both in prehydrolyzate and enzymatic hydrolyzate. The results show that WDM with LHWP at 180 °C for 20 min produced maximum xylose and glucose yields of 91.62% and 88.12%, re... |
23260272 | Potential of hot water extraction of birch wood to produce high-purity dissolving pulp after alkaline pulping. | The potential of hot water extraction of birch wood to produce highly purified dissolving pulp in a subsequent soda-anthraquinone pulping process was evaluated. After intermediate extraction intensities, pulps with low xylan content (3-5%) and high cellulose yield were successfully produced. Increasing extraction inten... |
23260271 | Metabolic engineering of industrial platform microorganisms for biorefinery applications--optimization of substrate spectrum and process robustness by rational and evolutive strategies. | Bio-based production promises a sustainable route to myriads of chemicals, materials and fuels. With regard to eco-efficiency, its future success strongly depends on a next level of bio-processes using raw materials beyond glucose. Such renewables, i.e., polymers, complex substrate mixtures and diluted waste streams, o... |
23260270 | Coupled production of single cell oil as biodiesel feedstock, xylitol and xylanase from sugarcane bagasse in a biorefinery concept using fungi from the tropical mangrove wetlands. | This work evaluates sugarcane bagasse (SCB) conversion, in a biorefinery approach, to coproduce biodiesel and high value products using two novel mangrove fungi. On acid pre-treatment, sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate (SCBH) resulted in a xylitol yield of 0.51 g/g xylose consumed in 72 h by Williopsis saturnus. After SCB ... |
23260269 | An updated comprehensive techno-economic analysis of algae biodiesel. | Algae biodiesel is a promising but expensive alternative fuel to petro-diesel. To overcome cost barriers, detailed cost analyses are needed. A decade-old cost analysis by the U.S. National Renewable Energy Laboratory indicated that the costs of algae biodiesel were in the range of $0.53-0.85/L (2012 USD values). Howeve... |
23260268 | Evaluation and treatment of nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis: a standardization document from the International Children's Continence Society. | This document represents the consensus guidelines recommended by the ICCS on how to evaluate and treat children with nonmonosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (NMNE). The document is intended to be clinically useful in primary, secondary and tertiary care. Discussions were held by the board of the ICCS and a committee was ... |
23260267 | [Antifungal prophylaxis in the postoperative period of lung transplant surgery in Spain]. | To examine the type and duration of antifungal prophylaxis provided during the postoperative period of lung transplant recipients, together with the most frequent complications during admission to Intensive Care Units in Spain. A questionnaire was developed including demographic data on each transplant center, the type... |
23260265 | [Lung-brain interaction in the mechanically ventilated patient]. | Patients with acute lung injury or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) admitted to the ICU present neuropsychological alterations, which in most cases extend beyond the acute phase and have an important adverse effect upon quality of life. The aim of this review is to deepen in the analysis of the complex intera... |
23260264 | Pressure versus volume controlled modes in invasive mechanical ventilation. | The first generation of mechanical ventilators were controlled and cycled by pressure. Unfortunately, they did not allow control of the delivered tidal volume under changes in the dynamics of the respiratory system. This led to a second generation of ventilators that allowed volume control, hence favoring the ventilato... |
23260261 | Vascular endothelial growth factor promotes progressive retinal nonperfusion in patients with retinal vein occlusion. | Central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) or branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) causes hypoperfusion, high levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), macular edema, and loss of vision. Many patients also show areas of complete closure of retinal vessels (retinal nonperfusion [RNP]) that increase over time. The ... |
23260260 | Associations of the C2-CFB-RDBP-SKIV2L locus with age-related macular degeneration and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. | To investigate the associations of the C2-CFB-RDBP-SKIV2L region with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). Cross-sectional, case-control association study. A Chinese case-control group of 200 neovascular AMD patients, 233 PCV patients, and 275 control subjects.... |
23260259 | Diagnostic capability of lamina cribrosa thickness by enhanced depth imaging and factors affecting thickness in patients with glaucoma. | To determine the diagnostic ability of laminar thickness obtained using enhanced depth imaging (EDI) of the Heidelberg Spectralis optical coherence tomography (OCT) system (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) and the factors related to laminar thickness in patients with glaucoma. Evaluation of a diagnostic tes... |
23260258 | Investigation of the human anterior segment in normal Chinese subjects using a dual Scheimpflug analyzer. | To investigate anterior segment parameters in normal Chinese subjects and study factors influencing these parameters, such as age, gender, and laterality. A prospective observational case series. A total of 291 normal subjects (582 eyes) were included. The anterior segment data were determined with a dual Scheimpflug a... |
23260257 | Effect of lateral decubitus position on intraocular pressure in glaucoma patients with asymmetric visual field loss. | To investigate the effect of the lateral decubitus position (LDP) on intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients with asymmetric visual field loss. Prospective, cross-sectional study. Ninety-eight eyes of 49 consecutive bilateral glaucoma patients with asymmetric visual field loss, divided into better eye and worse... |
23260256 | Predictors of matching in an ophthalmology residency program. | To examine the characteristics of US medical students applying for ophthalmology residency and to determine the predictors of matching. A retrospective case series. A total of 3435 medical students from the United States who applied to an ophthalmology residency program from 2003 to 2008 were included. Matched and unma... |
23260255 | Removal properties of dissolved boron by glucomannan gel. | Boron ions have long been known to form complexes with the cis-diol group of a polysaccharide. Konjac glucomannan (KGM) which is one of polysaccharides was used to remove dissolved boron in this study. KGM forms a complex with boron, but does not remove boron from contaminated waters as well as other polysaccharides be... |
23260254 | Combined phytoremediation of metal-working fluids with maize plants inoculated with different microorganisms and toxicity assessment of the phytoremediated waste. | The aim of this study was to validate the effectiveness of a phytoremediation procedure for metal-working fluids (MWFs) with maize plants growing in hydroponic culture in which the roots grow on esparto fibre and further improve bioremediation potential of the system with root beneficial bacteria, seeking a synergistic... |
23260253 | Evaluation of removal efficiency for acute toxicity and genotoxicity on zebrafish in anoxic-oxic process from selected municipal wastewater treatment plants. | The anoxic-oxic (A/O) process has been extensively applied for simultaneous removal of organic contaminants and nitrogen in wastewater treatment. However, very little is known about its ability to remove toxic materials. Municipal wastewater contains various kinds of pollutants, some of which have recalcitrant genotoxi... |
23260252 | Possible chemical causes of skeletal deformities in natural populations of Aphanius fasciatus collected from the Tunisian coast. | This study attempt to quantify and identify skeletal deformities in natural populations of Aphanius fasciatus collected from the Tunisian coast and tends to found a possible relationship between these anomalies and several types of pollutants presents in the environment. Fish were collected from one reference area (S1:... |
23260251 | Air-water exchange fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the tropical coast, Taiwan. | Air-water exchange fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were simultaneously measured in air and water samples from two sites on the Kenting coast, located at the southern tip of Taiwan, from January to December 2010. There was no significant difference in the total PAH (t-PAH) concentrations in both gas an... |
23260250 | Influence of usage and chemical-physical properties on the atmospheric transport and deposition of pesticides to agricultural regions of Manitoba, Canada. | This study quantified the masses of 14 pesticides deposited as wet (precipitation) versus dry (gaseous and particle) atmospheric deposition at a research farm in southwestern Manitoba, Canada. The concentration in air of these pesticides was also measured. Total bulk deposition amounts (wet+dry) ranged from 0.009 to 2.... |
23260249 | Upscaling retardation factor in hierarchical porous media with multimodal reactive mineral facies. | Aquifer heterogeneity controls spatial and temporal variability of reactive transport parameters and has significant impacts on subsurface modeling of flow, transport, and remediation. Upscaling (or homogenization) is a process to replace a heterogeneous domain with a homogeneous one such that both reproduce the same r... |
23260248 | Carbon mineralization, microbial activity and metal dynamics in tailing ponds amended with pig slurry and marble waste. | A field experiment was set up in Cartagena-La Unión Mining District, SE Spain, aimed at evaluating the short-term effects of pig slurry (PS) amendment alone and together with marble waste (MW) on organic matter mineralization, microbial activity and stabilization of heavy metals in two tailing ponds. These structures p... |
23260247 | Impact of miscanthus cultivation on trace metal availability in contaminated agricultural soils: complementary insights from kinetic extraction and physical fractionation. | In order to assess the impact of in situ energy crop cultivation on Cu, Pb, Zn and Cd availabilities in an area contaminated by atmospheric fallout, a parcel divided in two parts was sampled: one under perennial miscanthus since three years and the other staying under annual crops used as reference. Metal availability ... |
23260246 | Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in relation to secondary sex ratio--a systematic review of published studies. | There is reasonably strong evidence linking reduced secondary sex ratio (proportion of males) and environmental exposures. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent contaminants of the environment and several studies have reported an association of PCBs with birth outcomes. A decrease in the male/female sex ratio... |
23260245 | Adsorption of perfluorinated compounds on aminated rice husk prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization. | Adsorption is considered as an effective method to remove perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) from aqueous solution. In this study, an aminated rice husk (RH) adsorbent was successfully prepared through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and subsequent amination reaction, and it was used to remov... |
23260244 | Measurement of associations of pharmaceuticals with dissolved humic substances using solid phase extraction. | An innovative method was developed to determine association of carbadox, lincomycin and tetracycline with dissolved humic acids using solid phase extraction (SPE). Dissolved organic matter (DOM) and DOM-bound pharmaceuticals passed through the SPE cartridge while the cartridge retained freely dissolved pharmaceuticals ... |
23260243 | The influence of silicon on barley growth, photosynthesis and ultra-structure under chromium stress. | Silicon (Si) is generally considered as a benefic element for higher plants, especially for those grown under abiotic stressed environments. Current study is carried out in a hydroponic experiment to analyze the effect of Si application on barley growth, photosynthesis and ultra-structure under chromium (Cr) stress. Th... |
23260242 | Effect of in situ exposure history on the molecular responses of freshwater bivalve Anodonta anatina (Unionidae) to trace metals. | The goal of the study was to assess the adequacy of molecular responses in mollusks in relation to their in situ exposure history. Freshwater male bivalve mollusks Anadonta anatina (Unionidae) from polluted (A) and unpolluted (F) sites were subjected to 14 days of exposure to copper (Cu(2+), 10 μg L(-1)), zinc (Zn(2+),... |
23260241 | Standardized laboratory tests with 21 species of temperate and tropical sepsid flies confirm their suitability as bioassays of pharmaceutical residues (ivermectin) in cattle dung. | Veterinary pharmaceuticals excreted in the dung of treated livestock can have strong non-target effects on the dung organism community. We report results of ecotoxicological tests with ivermectin for 21 species of temperate (Europe, North America) and tropical (Asia, Central America) black scavenger flies (Diptera: Sep... |
23260240 | The modified action of triphenyllead chloride on UVB-induced effects in albumin and lipids. | Previously we have shown a toxic effect of the organometallic compound triphenyllead (TPhPb) on cells. In the present study we evaluated the destructive effect of TPhPb on model systems--serum albumin and liposome membranes--alone and under UVB irradiation. UVB irradiation of bovine serum albumin results in protein S-S... |
23260239 | Fly ash application in nutrient poor agriculture soils: impact on methanotrophs population dynamics and paddy yields. | There are reports that the application of fly ash, compost and press mud or a combination thereof, improves plant growth, soil microbial communities etc. Also, fly ash in combination with farmyard manure or other organic amendments improves soil physico-chemical characteristics, rice yield and microbial processes in pa... |
23260238 | Heavy metals in eggshells of cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis) and little egret (Egretta garzetta) from the Punjab province, Pakistan. | Concentrations of nine trace metals were determined to assess site-specific and species-specific differences using Fast Sequential Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Varian FAAS-240) in eggshells of Bubulcus ibis and Egretta garzetta from seven heronries in the Punjab province, Pakistan. Pattern of metal concentratio... |
23260237 | Organochlorine pesticides in soil, water and sediment along the Jinjiang River mainstream to Quanzhou Bay, southeast China. | Residue levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in multiple compartments (water, soil and sediment) along the Jinjiang River mainstream to Quanzhou Bay were monitored to elucidate sources and fate. The concentrations of OCPs in surface soil of the watershed of the Jinjiang River (2.44 ± 1.97 ng/g for hexachlorocyclo... |
23260236 | Docking and CoMSIA studies on steroids and non-steroidal chemicals as androgen receptor ligands. | While some synthetic chemicals have been demonstrated to disrupt normal endocrine function by binding to the androgen receptor (AR), the mechanism by which ligands bind to the ligand binding domain (LBD) remained unclear. In this study, docking and comparative molecular similarity index analysis (CoMSIA) were performed... |
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